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Nitrogen Gas Properties

Nitrogen gas (N2) is an inert gas abundant in Earth’s atmosphere. It is available in various purities and is used in numerous applications in key industries.

Overview of Nitrogen Gas

Nitrogen molecules have two nitrogen atoms with a triple bond and a lone pair of nonbonding electrons. It is also the most naturally abundant gas, making up 78% of the Earth’s atmosphere, but it cannot support life by itself. Nitrogen molar mass is 28.014 g/mol.

Nitrogen is colorless, nontoxic, tasteless, odorless, noncombustible and inert, so it does not react to other chemical substances. However, if nitrogen containers are exposed to prolonged heat or fire, they can rupture.

Key Physical Properties of Nitrogen Gas

Nitrogen gas properties include:

Physical properties of nitrogen gas
PropertyValue
Nitrogen Boiling Point-195.79 °C
Nitrogen Melting Point-210.01 °C
Density1.251 g/L at 0 °C
SolubilitySlightly soluble in water and alcohol and insoluble in ethanol

Nitrogen Purity Standards

Nitrogen is available in high- and low-purity grades — choose the purity level best for your industry and application:

  • Ultra-high purity (UHP): 99.999%
  • Industrial grade: 99.9 to 99.999%
  • Low grade: 95 to 99.5%

Storage Solutions

Nitrogen is stored as a gas or liquid. Liquid nitrogen is used as is or vaporized when needed. Storage areas for nitrogen must have forced draft air circulation to prevent nitrogen fumes from accumulating. Nitrogen gas is available in cylinders, liquid, bulk, gas and UHP.

Safety Guidelines and Hazards

Nitrogen can be dangerous in high concentrations, requiring safe handling and precautions. It is not poisonous, but it can displace air and cause asphyxiation. The liquid form of nitrogen is very cold, so it can cause frostbite. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) requires mandatory testing if nitrogen is used in a confined space.

Common Uses of Nitrogen Gas

Nitrogen gas is used in the following industries:

  • Welding and metal fabrication for heat treating and laser cutting processes
  • Food and beverage for food packaging and flavor preservation
  • Chemical to prepare samples for chemical analysis and produce ammonia
  • Medical for cryogenic applications
  • Pharmaceutical for drug manufacturing and packaging
  • Electronics for blanketing adhesives and semiconductor manufacturing

Contact Meritus Gas Partners Today

Get expert advice on nitrogen gas solutions for your business by partnering with Meritus Gas Partners. We have extensive experience with industrial gases, welding supplies and related support. Find one of our partners in your area, and contact us to learn more about our gas products and services.

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